2,概率的基本概念:RandomVariable:Aquantitywhosefutureoutcomesareuncertain.e.g.XOutcomes:Possiblevaluesofarandomvariable.e.g.X=1,X=2,X=3OutcomeSpaces:Asetcontainsallpossibleoutcomes.e.g.X={1,2,3,4,5,6}Event:Aspecifiedsetofoutcomes.e.g.X=1,X>2,X=evenProbability:Ameasurequantifiesthatthelikelihoodthateventswilloccur.e.g.P=1/33,赌徒谬误:赌博连续输掉几场之后误认为第下一场赢的概率会变大4,事件之间的联系:Independent:OccurrenceofAisn’trelatedtoB.e.g.A=第一次掷出1,B=第二次掷出2Dependent:OccurrenceofAisrelatedtoBe.g.A=原油价格上涨,B=汽油价格上涨MutuallyExclusive:Onlyoneeventoccuratatime.Exhaustive:Containsallpossibleoutcomese.g.掷骰子A=1,3,5B=2,4,6在遍历事件中,每次实验至少发生其中的一个。