，它们两者加在单词或词根后面分两种情况:第一种，作名词性后缀，缀合在动词后面:表示该动作的主动者:例如，agent，president，servant，applicant，immigrant，merchant，accountant，assistant，inhabitant，entertainment。
Cantonese ，Chinese ，Japanese ，imprese ，journalese (n. ，legalese，officialese ，siamese ，sociologese (n. ，telegraphese ，educationese ( n.教育界行话，governmentese ，Lebanese ，Burmese ，Congolese ，Nepalese ，Sudanese ，Vietnamese ，Taiwanese ，diocese ，
例如，artist，cartoonist，feminist，nationalist，socialist，humanist，idealistdefeatist，domagtist，Donatist，materialist，capitalist，communist，moralist，philatelist，agronomist，agriculturalist，numismatist，dentist，antagonist，arsonistbiologist，botanist，economist，chemist，physiologist，anthropologist，physicist，archaeologist，geologist，florist，journalist，linguist，accordionist，allegorist，aerialist，anatomist，pharmacist，violinist，priest，receptionist，scientist，typist，pianist，psychologist，dramatist，zoologist，parachutist，futurologist，futurist，anesthetist，tourist，specialist，sophist，romanticist，novelist，naturalist，modernist，egoist，druggist，alpinist，activist。
从影响词性上，常见的后缀:名词后缀:-tion， -ity， -ness， -ment， -ism， 例如:communication， humanity， happiness， development， communism。
The most central root in the word “activate” is “act”. “Act” is a common root that means “to do” or “to perform”. “Active” is an adjective formed from “act” and the suffix “-ive”， which means “characterized by” or “tending to”. “Activate” is a verb formed from “active” and the suffix “-ate”， which means “to make something happen” or “to put into action”.
-ance， -ence assistance 帮助 dependence 依赖。 -ion， -tion， -ation confession 供认 collection 收集 observation 观察。
