主题探究:本文是诸葛亮决定出师伐魏，行前给后主刘禅的表文，文中以恳切的言辞劝说后主刘禅要继承先帝遗志，广开言路，严明赏罚，亲贤远佞，以修明政治，完成“兴复汉室”的大业，也表明了诸葛亮报答先帝的知遇之恩的真挚感情和“北定中原”的决心。
【原文】 先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。 宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同。
However， the officials who serve within the court remain diligent， and the loyal warriors who fight on the frontier forget their own lives. They do this out of gratitude for the late Emperor’s exceptional kindness， hoping to repay it to Your Majesty.
The late Emperor passed away before his great undertaking was completed. Now the realm is divided into three， and Yi Province is weak and exhausted—this is truly a moment of crisis between survival and destruction.
应网友要求，今天更新的《出师表》不仅有拼音，还增加了译文。我之前听说过一个故事，某位作家的文章被用来作为阅读理解，有学生把这些题发给了作者本人，最终结果是5个题错了2个，按数量来算，作者本人也就刚刚及格。
